重阳节：又忆山东兄弟

  重阳节，是中国民间传统节日，日期在每年农历九月初九。提到这个节日，总绕不开唐代诗人王维的《九月九日忆山东兄弟》：“独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人”。

  The Double Ninth Festival, known as Chongyang Festival, falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month each year.This festival invariably evokes the Tang dynasty poet Wang Weis "Remembering My Shandong Brothers on the Ninth Day of the Ninth Month":

  "In foreign lands, a stranger I remain,

  Each festival, my homesickness grows twain.

  I know my brothers climbing the heights today,

  With cornel pinned, while Im so far away."

  王维诗歌里的“山东”是今日的山东吗？

  Is the "Shandong" in Wang Weis Poem the Shandong of Today?

  《旧唐书·王维传》云：“王维，字摩诘。太原祁人。父处廉，终汾州司马（今山西省吉县），徙家于蒲，遂为河东人。” 王维15岁时就离家前往长安谋求发展，从22岁考中进士起，到61岁去世，宦海沉浮约四十年。王维的足迹以长安为圆心，东到洛阳以至齐鲁，西到凉州或者更西，北至榆林、新秦二郡，南至汉水、襄阳再到岭南。对于当时寄居长安的王维来说，因家乡蒲州在华山以东，故称“山东”，其实就是现在的山西。

  According to The Old Book of Tang, "Wang Wei, styled Mojie, was a native of Qi County in Taiyuan. His father Chulian ended his career as the Marshal of Fenzhou (now Jixian, Shanxi Province) and moved his family to Pu, thus becoming a resident of Hedong". At the age of 15, Wang Wei left home to seek advancement in Changan. His career in the civil service spanned nearly 40 years, from passing the imperial examination at 22 until his death at 61. With Changan as the center, Wang Weis travels extended east to Luoyang and as far as Qilu, west to Liangzhou and beyond, north to Yulin and Xinqin prefectures, and south to the Han River, Xiangyang, and further to Lingnan. For Wang Wei, who was residing in Changan, his hometown of Pu was east of Mount Hua, hence referred to as "Shandong" (literally "East of the Mountains"), which is actually present-day Shanxi.

  今日的“山东兄弟”如何过重阳节？

  How Do Todays "Brothers in Shandong" Celebrate the Double Ninth Festival?

  虽然此“山东”非彼“山东”，但王维诗歌里传达的浓浓亲情，打动了无数游子思乡之心。自从唐代被定为正式的民间节日以来，重阳节已成为中华民族尊老、敬老、助老传统的象征，多年来，民间形成了登高远眺、秋游观景、佩插茱萸、饮菊花酒、吃重阳糕等习俗。在山东，不同的地区也有着不一样的重阳习俗。昌邑北部人家于重阳节吃辣萝卜汤，有谚语道：“喝了萝卜汤，全家不遭殃”。鄄城民间称重阳节为财神生日，家家烙焦饼祭财神。邹平市则在重阳祭祀范仲淹，范公祠是北宋著名文学家、政治家范仲淹的享堂。范公祠历经沧桑，历900余年而不衰，被定为县级重点文物保护单位。在济南，千佛山“九九”重阳山会是当天的重头戏。千佛山“九九”重阳山会最早可追溯到元代，已有700多年的历史。随着时代的发展，千佛山重阳山会以突出民间艺术、民俗文化为主题，“看大戏、品小吃、赏民俗”逐渐变成逛山会的主要内容。

  Although Wang Weis "Shandong" was not the same as the present-day province, the deep familial affection conveyed in Wang Weis poem has touched the hearts of countless homesick wanderers. Since the Tang Dynasty, when the Double Ninth Festival was officially recognized as a folk holiday, it has become a symbol of the Chinese tradition of respecting, honoring, and assisting the elderly. Over the years, folk customs such as climbing heights for distant views, autumn sightseeing, wearing cornel, drinking chrysanthemum wine, and eating Double Ninth cakes have developed. In Shandong province, different regions have their own unique Double Ninth customs. In northern Changyi, families drinkspicy radish soup on the day with a saying: "Drink radish soup, and the whole family will avoid misfortune". In Juancheng, the festival is celebrated as the birthday of the God of Wealth, and every household bakes scorched cakes as offerings. In Zouping, the festival is marked by commemorating the Song Dynasty statesman Fan Zhongyan, with ceremonies held at his memorial temple. The Fan Zhongyan Temple, standing for over 900 years, has become the countys cultural heritage site. In Jinan, the "Double Ninth" Mountain fair at Qianfo Mountain is the highlight of the day. The fair, which dates back to the Yuan Dynasty over 700 years ago, has evolved over time to emphasize folk art and cultural traditions, with watching performances, tasting snacks, and appreciating folk customs becoming key attractions.

  九九归真，一元肇始，九九重阳代表着吉祥。虽然节庆习俗一直在与时俱进，但祈盼家庭团聚、民族团结的家国情缘千年未变，刻在每一个中国人的文化基因里。

  The number nine, in Chinese tradition, represents longevity and good fortune. While the customs surrounding the Double Ninth Festival have evolved with the times, the festivals core message remains unchanged—a deep longing for family reunion and national unity. This sentiment has been passed down through generations, woven into the cultural fabric of every Chinese person.

  （部分素材来源：新华社 中国网 济南宣传）